Computer programming languages are essential in every aspect, from education to almost all services. Programming languages work on pre-defined high-level structural procedures. The technical term given to these structures is “Programming Paradigm”.
Different computer languages use different paradigms. Different paradigms are followed to develop software, games, websites, applications, etc.
Some of the widely used paradigms are procedural paradigm, object-oriented paradigm, functional paradigm, structural paradigm, etc. Object-Oriented Paradigms and Procedure-Oriented Paradigms are the two most used paradigms.
To acquire the accuracy of the result of a program, it is vital to select the proper structure depending on the length of the program.
Key Takeaways
- OOP (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm that organizes code around objects, representing real-world entities with properties and methods.
- POP (Procedural Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm that organizes code around procedures or functions, focusing on executing a sequence of tasks.
- Both OOP and POP are programming paradigms used for structuring code, but OOP emphasizes objects and their interactions, while POP focuses on procedures and the order of execution.
OOP vs POP
OOP is a type of programming that divides the program into multiple small objects following a direct approach to get to the solution of the problem, and it is mostly used in C++ and java. Pop is a type of programming structure that divides the full program to small groups of functions.
Comparison Table
| Parameter of Comparison | Object-Oriented Programming | Procedure-Oriented Programming |
|---|---|---|
| Basic concept followed | Object-oriented programming is based on objects with data in their fields termed Attributes. | Procedure-oriented programming is based on the idea of procedures and functions. |
| Division of Program | Pop works by dividing the program into various small objects. | Pop works by dividing the complete program into minor procedures. |
| Approach Followed | Oop, follow the bottom-up approach. | Pop follows the top-down approach. |
| Access | Access modifiers support access control. | Pop has no access modifiers. |
| Used in | C++, Python, Java. | C, PASCAL, FORTRAN, COBOL, VB, Basic. |
What is OOP?
OOP refers to Object-Oriented Programming, a programming structure based on the concept of “Objects”. Objects are made from data and code.
Data is present in fields; these fields are named properties or attributes, whereas codes are present in procedures, termed methods.
Objects in OOP tend to access and modify their data fields. Objects in OOP are independent, meaning an object’s modification is more manageable.
One of the advantages of OOP is that it is the more secure structure of programming languages because it provides Data-hiding.
OOPS uses the basic idea of creating objects, reusing them during program execution and using them to obtain results. Objects of OOP follow some of the basic principles, namely- Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance and Polymorphism.
In abstraction, only the essential features are represented on the main front, and the unnecessary details are put in the background.
Encapsulation is a technique to hide data or variables of an object from other objects. Inheritance, as the word represents, is the tendency to gain the qualities of the parent objects on its own.
The tendency to take multiple forms in data, objects or procedures is known as Polymorphism.
OOP is used primarily in C++, Python, Java, etc.
What is POP?
POP stands for Procedure-Oriented Programming. The procedure-Oriented Programming structure divides the complete program into various small groups of instructions known as functions.
It is based on procedures rather than data following a top-down approach.
The functions work as an algorithm, and each has a pre-defined purpose. Thus, in POP, a program is viewed as a sequence of the procedures to be performed.
POP works by separating code from data.
In POP, the functions share global data, meaning the data can move from one function to another. But global data makes the modification of a single function difficult and time-consuming.
If a single data is to be modified, all other functions need modification.
The procedure-Oriented Programming structure is less secure because it provides no data hiding. The POP structure is used in VB, COBOL, FORTRAN, Basic, Pascal, etc.
Main Differences Between OOP and POP
- Object-Oriented Programming is based on the concept of dividing a program into objects. In contrast, Procedure-Oriented Programming is based on dividing a program into more minor procedures and functions.
- Oop follows a Bottom-Up approach to solving problems, while Pop uses a Top-Down approach.
- In OOP, access control is supported by access modifiers, but there is no concept of access modifiers in POP.
- OOP is a practical approach for solving large programs, while POP is suitable for medium-length programs.
- Modifying data in OOP is more straightforward because each object is independent, while modification in POP is difficult and time-consuming.
- OOP is used in C++, Python, and Java, while POP is used in C, FORTRAN, PASCAL, and Basic.
- OOP is a more secure programming structure as it has a notion of data hiding, whereas POP is less secure as it does not provide data hiding.
- OOP can perform several functions together, whereas POP is a step-by-step procedure.
- OOP provides data overloading in the form of functions and operators, while POP provides no overloading.
- Existing code can be reused in OOP with the inheritance property, while there is no inheritance in POP.
- https://www.forskningsdatabasen.dk/en/catalog/2389307956
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/009605519390022S
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