Cp vs Cpk: Difference and Comparison

A process capability measures the potential of a process. That is its ability to produce a product within set limits.

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Test your knowledge about topics related to business

1 / 10

A partner in a firm _____.

Can Transfer his shares to an outsider

Can Transfer his shares to an outsider with the permission of partners

Cannot transfer his shares

None of the above

2 / 10

The management of the company is entrusted to __________.

Promoters

Employees

Share holders

Board of Directors

3 / 10

Over-capitalization results from __________.

payment of excessive amount for goodwill

underestimating the rate of capitalization

raising more money than can be profitably used

raising only the money

4 / 10

In order to gain a competitive edge on the competition, some companies focus on:

Very low prices

Greeting every customer

Professional sales pitch

Quality

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Cash flow is:

Measured as time versus revenue

Is measured by output and input of hours

Money paid to employees

The movement of money into and out of a company

6 / 10

Which of the following countries are part of the WTO?

Afghanistan

Cambodia

Burundi

All of these countries are part of the WTO

Pakistan

7 / 10

The method of evaluating the efficiency of workers is termed as _________.

merit rating

job evaluation

filing

indexing

8 / 10

Membership in a Co-Operative Society is?

Voluntary

Compulsory

Not Essential

None of the above

9 / 10

Which of the following is not an economic activity?

A doctor practicing

A lawyer practicing law

A professional cricketer playing cricket

A student playing cricket

10 / 10

Overall and strategic planning is done by the ___________.

Top management

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All of the above

Your score is

Cp and Cpk are such process capability indices.

Key Takeaways

CP (Process Capability) measures a process’s potential performance, while CPK (Process Capability Index) evaluates actual performance against specification limits.

CP only considers the process’s natural variation, while CPK also considers process centering and alignment with target values.

CPK is more informative for process improvement, as it reflects both the potential capability and how well the process meets specifications.

Cp vs Cpk

Cp means process capability, and it is the capacity of a process to follow the strategic classification for a product. It is equal to or greater than the Cpk. Cpk stands for process capability index and estimates the variation of a process from the inside of the tolerance range and is less than the Cp.

Cp, also known as Process capability, is the statistical calculation of a process’s ability to produce a product within a given set limit. It is the ratio of the total specification to the total effective range.

The capability of a process is proportional to its magnitude. The higher the CPK, the higher the efficiency of the process.

Comparison Table

Parameters of Comparison	Cp	Cpk
Name	Process Capability.	Process Capability Index.
Definition	Cp is the capacity of the process to abide by the strategic classification for a product.	Cpk estimates the variation of the process from the center inside the tolerance range.
Magnitude	Cp is either equal to Cpk or greater than Cpk.	Cpk is always less than Cp.
Formula	Cp = (USL-LSL)/6	Cpk = (Xdbar- LSL)/3 ORCpk = (USL-Xdbar)/3
The minimum value (for a capable process)	1.0 – 1.33	2.00

What is Cp?

Cp is one of the process capability indices. It is called Process Capability. Process capability (Cp) is a statistical evaluation of a process’s capability to produce products within a determined limit.

Cp is the ratio of the ‘voice of the customer’ to the ‘voice of the process. It depicts the range of the process and lets us judge its effectiveness.

Evaluation of Cp

Cp = Total specification (or Tolerance)/ Total effective range (or natural variability)

Cp = (USL-LSL)/6, here USL = Upper Specification Limit; LSL = Lower Specification Limit; = standard deviation.

For instance, if you are preparing a canvas, its width and breadth must be considered. To be precise, products must have a specific measurement or structure.

What is Cpk?

Cpk is the process capability index. It is the measure of how well a process is centred within the specified limit. It implies the capability of a process.

It depicts the localization of the process as well. Cpk is the minimum of Cpl, Cpu. Cpl and Cpu are process potential (one-sided).

Cpl = – LSL/3, Cpu = USL-/3. Here is the target of the process. A good process has a larger Cpk. Negative Cpk means the process has exceeded the given specification.

The condition for a perfectly centered process is

Cp = Cpk.

Main Differences Between Cp and Cpk

Cp is the difference between USL and LSL divided by 6. Cpk equals to (Xdbar- LSL)/3. or (USL-Xdbar)/3.Here, USL is the Upper Specification Limit. LSL is a Lower Specification Limit.
Cp must be at least 1, Cpk must have a minimum value of 2

References

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Chara Yadav

Chara Yadav holds MBA in Finance. Her goal is to simplify finance-related topics. She has worked in finance for about 25 years. She has held multiple finance and banking classes for business schools and communities. Read more at her bio page.

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