Watercraft, also called water vessels, include boats, ships, submarines, hovercraft etc. It is used as a vehicle to move in and around the water and carry things from one place to another.
Depending on the design, watercraft are used for different purposes like seafaring cargo, fishing, leisure activities, etc. It is designed in such a way that it helps to maintain the balance between speed, weightage and seaworthiness.
Key Takeaways
- A boat is smaller than a ship and is used for recreational or personal purposes, while a ship is larger and is used for commercial or military purposes.
- A boat can be carried on a ship, while a ship cannot be carried on a boat.
- A ship has a more complex design and structure than a boat.
Boat vs Ship
A boat is a watercraft designed for use on smaller bodies of water such as lakes, rivers, and inland waterways. It is powered by oars, sails, or an engine, or both. A ship is a large watercraft created for use in deep waters. Ships can carry a large number of passengers, cargo, or both.
A boat is a type of water vessel that comes in various types and sizes. A boat is smaller than a ship. A boat can fit into the ship.
Every boat has a different function to perform depending upon its design, shape, structure, capacity and ability to carry other boats.
Operational areas of boats are in lakes, ponds and rivers. Boats have been used by humans since ancient times in the form of canoes. A boat is classified into three types, i.e. human-controlled, motorboats and sailboats.
A Ship is a very large watercraft that is used for the transportation of cargo and passengers into deep oceans and high seas. Ships are utilised for specific purposes such as research, fishing, defence, trade, etc.
Ships have always played an important role for humans as it has helped in exploration, warfare, colonialism, imperialism, science etc. Various types of ships like oil tankers, merchant ships, container ships, bulk carriers, etc.
Comparison Table
| Parameters of Comparison | Boat | Ship |
|---|---|---|
| Navigation and Technology | It is a simple vessel with less system. | It is a complicated vessel with heavy machinery. |
| Crew | It can be of one person. | Professional members and engineers. |
| Cargo Capacity | Lesser capacity | Made for carrying cargo. |
| Construction and Design | Simpler in design. | Complicated in design. |
| Propulsion | Powered by human force, sails, motor etc. | Has dedicated engines to propel. |
What is a Boat?
Boats have been used since prehistoric times. Evidence of using the boats has been found in many places, like from the Crete, Flores and early settlement of Australia over 1,30,000 years ago.
It played an important role in trade and commerce in various civilizations, Mesopotamia, Indus Valley Civilization, etc. Boats are categorised into three types, i.e. unpowered or human-powered, like kayaks, gondolas, canoes etc., sailboats and motorboats.
Till the 19th century, boats were made from the material that was available naturally, i.e. from the bark of trees, wood, reeds, animal skins, etc. In the mid-19th century, boats were made up of iron and steel frames planked in wood.
Hulls of boats were made from the frame of iron and steel covered with cement. As production of boats began, iron and steel became cheaper, so then all the boats were made up of steel, and wood was replaced.
Then, in the 20th century, aluminium boats became popular because they were less expensive, did not corrode in salty water, and carried less weight.
In the 1950s and 60s, boats made up of fibreglass became famous because it suited for recreational purposes. They do not rot, corrode or rust like wooden or aluminium boats.
Propulsion used in boats can be the engine, paddle wheel, jet, rowing, paddling by man or via sailing. Boats naturally have a buoyancy force, which makes them sail in the water. Otherwise, due to overload, it can sink.
What is a Ship?
A Ship is humungous in size. There is no comparison of the ship with any water vessel. Ships can remain in the water for a longer period than boats.
According to Indian law, a ship is something that carries goods in a sea or ocean. The first instances of using the ships are dated back to Austronesian people, now Taiwan, some 3000-1500 BC.
Ships were used by many dynasties in Europe, China, India, and Japan. It was considered that they had some of the most advanced naval fleets at that time.
Till the 19th century, the designs of the ships remained unchanged. With the industrial boom, new methods of propulsion and the ability to construct, design and build triggered the change in the design of the ships.
A number of factors became important while building ships, like long-running ships, increased capacity, more specialized, etc. It was now built for different functions like rescue, research, firefighting, etc.
In the 21st century, globally, the number of commercial vessels is almost 52,000, which carries a weight gross of approximately 1000 tonnes each.
The size of the fishing fleet in the world is very difficult to count as fishing vessels are found almost at every village that is situated near the seas.
Various types of ships include high-speed craft, harbour work craft, cable layers, cargo ships, passenger vessels, cruise, warships, fishing vessels, special purpose vessels, etc.
Main Differences Between a Boat and a Ship
- A boat is a simple vessel with less complicated equipment and operational systems. A ship is a complicated vessel as it needs to remain in the water for longer times with heavy machinery and navigational systems.
- A boat’s crew can be of one person or full-fledged, depending upon the shape and size. A ship‘s crew consist of professional members and engineers as it needs a captain and a guided crew.
- A boat is a small vessel that has a lesser capacity to carry cargo. A ship is a large vessel that is made for carrying cargo and passengers.
- A boat is simpler in design. A ship is complicated in design.
- A boat is powered by either human beings via rowing, paddling, etc. or by sailing or using engines and motors. A ship needs dedicated engines so that it can propel forward.
- https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Henrique-Gaspar/publication/341798923_Fundamentals_Of_Digital_Twins_Applied_To_A_Plastic_Toy_Boat_And_A_Ship_Scale_Model/links/5ede480292851cf138692087/Fundamentals-Of-Digital-Twins-Applied-To-A-Plastic-Toy-Boat-And-A-Ship-Scale-Model.pdf
- https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1995.tb00706.x
Last Updated : 24 August, 2023
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Piyush Yadav has spent the past 25 years working as a physicist in the local community. He is a physicist passionate about making science more accessible to our readers. He holds a BSc in Natural Sciences and Post Graduate Diploma in Environmental Science. You can read more about him on his bio page.
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