Philosophy vs Religion: Difference and Comparison

The principles of religious belief are beyond the arena contestation. Still, philosophical theories encourage active thinking and logical reasoning to be the guiding lights that reveal the hidden truths of the universe and human existence.

Existential questions are interrogated by critical thinking within philosophy, while religion enforces certain indisputable doctrines on its followers. Faith is the defining principle of all religious orders.

Key Takeaways

1. Philosophy is a rational inquiry into the nature of reality, existence, knowledge, and ethics.
2. Religion involves a set of beliefs, practices, and rituals related to divine or supernatural power.
3. Philosophy is based on reason and critical thinking, while religion is often based on faith and spirituality.

Philosophy vs Religion

Philosophy is concerned with questions related to the nature of reality, knowledge, logic, and the meaning of life. Religion concerns questions about the supernatural, faith, spirituality, and moral values. It seeks to answer fundamental questions about human existence through belief in the divine.

Comparison Table

Parameters of Comparison	Philosophy	Religion
Definition	The discipline of philosophy is grounded in an inquest of discovering the truths of human existence and the universe.	Religion is an ideological dogmas based on faith in the supernatural creator of the human race and the universe.
Ritualistic Performances	Rituals are not a constituent part of philosophical doctrines.	Rituals are considered to be an indispensable part of religious orders.
Guiding Values	The discipline of philosophy is grounded in logical thinking guided by the principles of rationality.	Religion is based on unquestioning faith and belief in existing doctrines.
Strength of Doctrines	The strength of philosophical principles is comparatively limited.	Religious doctrines are extremely powerful in mandating social cohesion.
Answer to Core Questions	It encourages individuals to search for universal truths by drawing logical deductions.	It provides its followers with certain answers to our existence’s core dilemmas.
Belief in the Supernatural and the Sacred	The supernatural is not an important topic of contemplation. The sacred-profane dichotomy is nonexistent.	Religious creeds are centred around the belief in a supernatural entity. Sacred is sacrosanct in religious doctrines.
Importance of Myths	Myths are unimportant in philosophy as it relies on tangible deductions.	Myths are important in religious doctrines.

What is Philosophy?

Philosophy is a discipline dedicated to debunking the truths of human nature, existence, and universal actuality.

Derived from the Latin word ‘philosophia’, meaning the love of wisdom, logical thinking, reason, and rationality are the central pillars of any philosophical theory.

Socrates is renowned as the father of philosophy for his unparalleled contribution to the discipline.

The doctrines of philosophical thinking propel humans to question the fundamental truths of our existence, knowledge, mind, values, and morals.

Ethics, Aesthetics, Logic, Metaphysics, and Epistemology are some of the important- but not exhaustive- subdivisions within the broader philosophical umbrella.

Some often class religion as a part of the philosophical–metaphysical- line of inquiry. However, there are several differences between the two.

Over centuries, philosophy has evolved into several notable schools and traditions worldwide, including Existentialism, Idealism, Positivism, Utilitarianism, Empiricism, and others.

This is attributed to the invaluable contribution of some philosophical stalwarts like Aristotle, Descartes, Kant, Plato, Hegel, and others.

What is Religion?

Religious dogmas define the relationship between humans and the revered world of the sacred. Religious ideologies are founded on the valued distinction between the sacred and the profane.

The supernatural creator of the universe is part of the revered sacred world.

Religious principles delineate the nature of the Divine World and human existence. Humans often turn to religious doctrines in turbulent times to amass courage and strength.

The earliest forms of religion can be traced back to nature worship or Naturism.

Religions that propound the belief in one Supreme God are known as Monotheistic religions- like Christianity and Islam- while those that worship multiple Gods are known as Polytheistic religions- like Hinduism and the Greek Religion.

All religions are grounded in the unquestioning faith of their followers upon the propagated principles. A religious community cannot sustain itself without the unwavering conviction in the preached gospels of truth.

Rituals like offerings, prayers, devotional meditation, following religious prescriptions, and proscriptions are significant to all religious orders.

Religious values are essential modalities of indirect social control in most societies. They contribute towards social solidarity and cohesion but also affect the prevalent codes of ethical conduct in societies.

Predominant religious beliefs and principles often inspire moral codes.

Main Differences Between Philosophy and Religion

1. The main difference between philosophy and religion is that the former encompasses logical deductions made about the nature of human reality and the universe by active critical assessments. In contrast, religion is a set of definite beliefs about the supernatural that are conscientiously adhered to and imbibed by its followers.
2. The second notable difference between the two can be stated in terms of ritualistic performances. Rituals play a significant part in most religious orders. Rituals are absent from the literary discipline of philosophy.
3. Scepticism is innate to the structure of philosophical thinking. Philosophy originates from the point of questioning all truths. This form of scepticism is absent from religious creeds. Faith is an obligatory part of religious orders.
4. The idea of the supernatural and superhuman ‘God’ is essential in formulating religious dogmas. The role of the supernatural is too limited – bordering on complete absence- in philosophy. The discipline is concerned with various universal truths and not so much with the existence or nonexistence of the supernatural.
5. Religious beliefs tend to be much more stringent and staunch than philosophical doctrines. Religious beliefs can become fanaticism, whereas philosophical truths cannot inspire such volatile passions among supporters.
6. Religion seeks to provide predetermined answers to its followers, while philosophy encourages them to discern appropriate answers by rational contemplations.
7. Myths are considered to be an important part of religious doctrines. However, philosophy is not grounded in such myths and legends.

References

1. http://search.proquest.com/openview/377034e4dac3092a02e1bb2dbe6152dc/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=39453
2. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Z8DytgeDVQAC&oi=fnd&pg=PA211&dq=philosophy+and+religion+differences&ots=l6HIihXzod&sig=1taHkCyjZJFSssqBNII0T1jgKx8