Electrophoresis vs Chromatography: Difference and Comparison

Electrophoresis and chromatography are laboratory techniques used to test a specific sample.

When the sample is to be tested at a large volume, the chromatography technique is used, and the electrophoresis technique is generally used for the microscopic sample size. Both these laboratory techniques are used vastly almost all around the world.

Key Takeaways

1. Electrophoresis is a laboratory technique used to separate molecules based on their size and electrical charge by applying an electric field.
2. Chromatography is a laboratory technique used to separate and identify components in a mixture based on their chemical properties and interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase.
3. Electrophoresis is used to separate charged molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, while chromatography separates a wide range of molecules, including proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Electrophoresis vs Chromatography

The difference between electrophoresis and chromatography is that in electrophoresis, the chemical properties of a particular chemical species are used. On the other hand, in the case of chromatography, a partition is the coefficient of a particular species that have been used for testing laboratory samples.

Electrophoresis is a technique used in a laboratory to test samples using the chemical properties of a particular chemical species. In the example, a person using this technique can observe the particle’s dispersed motion.

A person can relate the motion of chemical species under the fluid when it exists.

Chromatography is a technique used in a laboratory to test samples using the partition, which is the coefficient of a particular species. This technique is used when the sample size is very vast to be tested.

The technique of chromatography is also beneficial when it comes to separating small components from a mixture.

Comparison Table

Parameters of Comparison	Electrophoresis	Chromatography
Meaning	Electrophoresis is a technique used in a laboratory to test samples using the chemical properties of a particular chemical species.	Chromatography is a technique used in a laboratory to test samples using the partition, the coefficient of a particular species.
Movement of particles	In electrophoresis, the movement of the particles of the sample takes place due to the electric field between the charged particle of one medium to another.	In chromatography, the movement of the particles of the sample takes place due to the partitioning of components between the mobile phase and stationary face.
Form of sample	The electrophoresis technique can be carried out on solid and liquid samples.	The chromatography technique can be carried out on liquid, solid and gaseous samples.
Application	The application used in the electrophoresis technique is by extracting the DNA fragmentation according to its size.	The application used in chromatography is by processes of human blood.
Volume of sample	The electrophoresis technique is generally used for the microscopic level of sample size.	The chromatography technique is used when a sample is tested at a large volume.

What is Electrophoresis?

Electrophoresis is a technique used in a laboratory to test samples using the chemical properties of a particular chemical species. In the sample, a person using this technique can observe the particle’s dispersed motion.

A person can relate the motion of chemical species under the fluid when it exists.

Electrokinetic is another word used for electrophoresis. There are two categories of electrophoresis which are used to test a sample. These two types depend on the type of ion in the model to be tested. These two types are known as cataphoresis and anaphoresis.

Cataphoresis is used mainly for the positively charged ions in the sample to be tested. On the other hand, anaphoresis is primarily used for testing the negatively charged ions present in the model.

What is Chromatography?

Chromatography is a technique used in a laboratory to test samples using the partition, which is the coefficient of a particular species. This technique is used when the sample size is very vast to be tested.

The technique of chromatography is also beneficial when it comes to separating small components from a mixture.

When it comes to the processing of human blood, the chromatography technique plays a vital role in it. In this, the chromosome technique is used to separate the different components in the human blood for therapeutic use.

There are two faces in this technique: the mobile phase and the stationary phase.

The first phase, the mobile face, helps analyse the sample. On the other hand, the Stationary phase allows for practising separating the different components in an instance. This is precisely how the parts are divided in chromatography.

Partitioning components between the mobile phase and stationary phase is the theory used while performing this technique.

Main Differences Between Electrophoresis and Chromatography

1. Electrophoresis is a technique used in a laboratory to test samples using the chemical properties of a particular chemical species. On the other hand, Chromatography is a technique used in a laboratory to test models by using the partition that is the coefficient of a particular species.
2. In electrophoresis, the movement of the particles of the sample takes place due to the electric field between the charged particle of one medium to another. On the other hand, in chromatography, the movement of the particles of the sample takes place due to the partitioning of components between the mobile phase and stationary face.
3. The electrophoresis technique can be carried out on solid and liquid samples. On the other hand, the chromatography technique can be carried out on liquid, solid and gaseous samples.
4. The application used in the electrophoresis technique is by extracting the DNA fragmentation according to its size. On the other hand, the application used in chromatography is by processes of human blood.
5. The chromatography technique is used when a sample is tested at a large volume. On the other hand, the electrophoresis technique is generally used for the microscopic sample size level.

References

1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0165993689850228
2. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jssc.201400587