Gust vs Wind: Difference and Comparison

While listening to weather forecasts, the words gust and wind are deemed to be the same. However, not many of us know these two are quite different from what is perceived.

Key Takeaways

1. A gust is a brief, strong burst of wind that lasts for a short period, accompanied by a sudden increase in wind speed.
2. Wind refers to the movement of air from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas, driven by differences in atmospheric pressure and temperature.
3. The main difference between a gust and wind is that a gust is a short-lived, intense burst of wind, whereas wind is a more continuous and steady airflow.

Gust vs Wind

Gusts and wind differ because gusts are 30 times stronger than the average sustained wind. Although gusts are a variation of wind, it is noteworthy that gusts commonly last less than 20 seconds.

Gusts are formed when winds meet obstacles such as a building or irregular ground, whereas winds are formed due to the atmospheric pressure difference caused by unequal heating of the earth’s surface.

Another difference is that gusts hit suddenly as a strong surge of wind, while winds are a steady flow of gasses from a high-pressure region to a low-pressure region. Unlike winds, gusts are not commonly seen over water bodies, whereas wind can be anywhere, and there is a pressure difference everywhere.

 

Comparison Table

Parameter of Comparison	Gust	Wind
Strength	30% stronger than wind	30% weaker than gusts
Duration	Less than 20 seconds	Flows continually
Caused by	When winds hit an obstacle such as high ground or a building	The flow of air from a high-pressure to a low-pressure area
Geographic location	Flows mainly above the ground and occasionally over water	Flows both above ground and water
Factors affecting	Height of the obstacle, terrain dynamics, average wind speed, etc.	Earth’s rotation, Sun heating, the atmosphere’s pressure difference, etc.

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What is Gust?

Gusts are a variation of wind formed when winds meet obstacles, such as a high terrain or a tall structure or building. Therefore gusts are commonly found over grounds and not so much on water bodies.

However, gusts can occasionally occur over water due to wind speeds and direction changes, causing turbulence and friction in the region. Gusts are formed over grounds due to friction between heavy cold air settling down and lighter thermal air rising.

Gusts are about 30% stronger and have a higher speed than average winds but are strongly determined by the average sustained wind speed. So the higher the average wind speed, the stronger the gust.

Besides average wind speed, other factors affecting gusts are terrain dynamics, local topography, the shape of the structure, and atmospheric pressure.

A gust is a sudden surge of strong winds that lasts less than twenty seconds and is followed by a lull. Gusts are characterized by peak wind speed crossing 18 mph and a minimum of 10 mph difference between peak and rest wind speed.

 

What is Wind?

Winds are created when air flows from a region of high pressure to a low-pressure region. Wind speeds are measured using a device called an anemometer.

In other words, they are a flow of gasses trying to get to a condition of equilibrium.

While varied atmospheric pressure is the leading cause behind the formation of wind, it is also very much affected by the Earth’s rotation, the Sun’s heating pattern, varied heating of the equator and poles, and many more. About two per cent of Sun energy reaching Earth is converted into wind energy.

Winds are classified into numerous types depending upon their region of origin, wind speed, effects of the wind, causes of origin, the density of gasses, etc. They may be classified into gusts, storms, breezes, or more fierce hurricanes, cyclones, and tornadoes.

Depending on their origin, they can also be classified into planetary and solar winds. Planetary winds result from gasses leaking out of Earth’s atmosphere into space, while solar winds are gasses released from the sun into space.

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Main Differences Between Gust and Wind

1. The main difference between gusts and wind is that gusts are 30% stronger than average sustained winds.
2. Another difference is that gusts are short-lived and are followed by a lull after 20 seconds, while winds last longer.
3. Gusts are caused by obstacles such as high grounds or tall structures and buildings, while winds flow due to the difference in atmospheric pressure.
4. Gusts are affected by local topography and sustained wind speeds, while winds are determined by Earth’s rotation, Sun’s heating patterns, the pressure difference in the atmosphere, etc.
5. A critical difference between gust and wind is that gust is a part of the wind, whereas the term wind covers numerous types, such as hurricanes, breezes, cyclones, etc.

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References

1. https://nathaz.nd.edu/documents/GustFrontFactor.pdf
2. https://academic.oup.com/oaj/article-abstract/30/1/27/1469301