No such thing as “India” or “Pakistan ” existed since the British dominated the Indian territories. The British referred to a swath of land stretching from Afghan to Burma as “Hindoostan,” British India or Britain’s Asian Colony, or simply the “Raj ”.
However, when India claimed back its long independence in 1947, it was preceded by a severe partition; a partition that split India’s diversity into two and gave birth to two new nations. Hindustan was partitioned into two countries: India and Pakistan.
This article focuses on the differences between these two sister nations starting from their history, geography, demography, and diversity. This article will let you know the various highlights and facts about both nations.
Key Takeaways
- India is a secular democratic country, while Pakistan is an Islamic republic.
- India has a larger economy than Pakistan.
- India and Pakistan have a history of conflicts and disputes over border issues.
India vs Pakistan
India is a country with 1.3 billion population and has a democratic political system. The Capital of India is New Delhi. India consists of a majority of Hindus with 10 percent of Muslims. Pakistan is a Muslim Republic State and its capital is Islamabad. The population of Pakistan is 169 billion.
India is a South Asian country that encompasses the majority of the continent. Its capital is a metropolitan city namely: New Delhi was created in the twentieth century to function as India’s administrative and governance centre, immediately south of the ancient city of Old Delhi.
Its administration is a representative democracy that consists of extremely varied people, with dozens of ethnicities and thousands of languages. India is the world’s second-most populated country, behind China.
Talking about Pakistan is a multicultural country in Southeast Asia with a large population. Pakistan has socially and historically been linked to its borders Iran, Kabul, and India due to its Indo-Iranian people who speak.
Pakistan has been distinguishable from its bigger neighbour to the south by its predominantly Majority of Muslims since the two countries gained independence in 1947. Its capital city is Islamabad, which is found on the north slopes of the Himalayas.
Comparison Table
| Parameters of Comparison | India | Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| Geographic Location | Southern Asia near the equator. Location: 20.5937° N, 78.9629° E | Southeastern Asia. Location: 30.3753° N, 69.3451° E |
| Population | 1.3 Billion | 169 Million |
| Ethnicity | India is a secular state with a majority of Hindus and Muslims consisting of 10 percent of the Indian Population. | Pakistan is a Muslim Republic state. |
| Capital City | New Delhi | Islamabad |
| Literacy Rate | 69.3% | 59.13% |
What is India?
Being the 7th largest country in the whole world, India is one of the biggest civilizations rather than a country, having a wide range of civilizations, diversity at its peak, and vibrant heritage. Throughout the last 65 years of its freedom, it has made significant socio-economic development.
India has grown into a self-sufficient country in agricultural output and is now one of the world’s most industrialized nations, as well as one of the few countries to have conquered the environment for the advantage of its inhabitants. It stretches from the snow-capped Himalayas to the rain forests in the southeast, covering 32,872,263 square kilometres.
In terms of Indian history, leaders of the INC, such as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and Nehru, envisioned India as a democratic state along with secularism. It was intended to provide civil and social freedom to all the inhabitants of the nation.
And India, according to the latest projections, the population is over 1.3 billion individuals, with 10 percent of the population, or 120 million Muslims. India continues to be one of the globe’s most culturally diverse nations.
Aside from its numerous faiths and denominations, India is home to a multitude of castes and communities, including more than a dozen main and thousands of smaller linguistic groups from disparate ethnolinguistic groups.
What is Pakistan?
Pakistan is an indeed spectacular South Asian nation of about 200 million people. It is bounded by Kabul, Iran, India, and China and has a shoreline that runs along the Arabian Sea and the Oman Gulf region.
With the Thar desert to its east and the Himachal and Pamir ranges in the northwest, Pakistan’s topography is varied and diverse, just like India. It is indeed a beautiful nation with lots of spectacular tourist spots.
The administration is a constitutional republic that has evolved over the years, with the presidency serving as the head of state and the prime minister as the country’s or government’s leader. Pakistan has a mixed economic system with a free market and regulatory participation.
Pakistan is also a member of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).
Unlike its topography, the climatic conditions of Pakistan are rather harsh for its inhabitants. Droughts and aridity characterize Pakistan’s climate, and its geographical origin may be observed in the extremes of heat.
Pakistan lies on the cusp of a northeast monsoon climate pattern. Precipitation is irregular across the nation, and its volume is very varied.
Main Differences Between India and Pakistan
- India is a democratic and secular state, whereas Pakistan is an Islamic Republic state.
- India has a population of 1.3 billion, whereas Pakistan has a population of 169 million.
- India is located in Southern Asia, whereas Pakistan is located in Southeastern Asia and shares its border with India.
- India’s capital city is New Delhi, whereas Pakistan’s capital city is Islamabad.
- India has a literacy rate of 69.3%, whereas Pakistan’s literacy rate is 59.13%.
- https://www.britannica.com/place/Pakistan/The-desert-areas#ref23682
- https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/pakistan.htm
Last Updated : 13 July, 2023
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Emma Smith holds an MA degree in English from Irvine Valley College. She has been a Journalist since 2002, writing articles on the English language, Sports, and Law. Read more about me on her bio page.
It is interesting to see the contrast between the two nations. Thank you for providing such insightful information.
The historical, geographical and cultural differences between India and Pakistan have been objectively presented. Great article!
The article is very informative and educational, and it is clear that a lot of time and effort went into crafting it. I commend the author for this.
The article is quite engaging and holds the reader’s attention. The information flows seamlessly, and the comparison between India and Pakistan is well constructed.
It’s surprising that such stark differences exist between two countries that were once a united entity. The competition between the two seems to have intensified over the years. This article made me see a new perspective.
A comprehensive and enlightening comparison of the Indian and Pakistani nations. Well done.
A meticulous and rigorous article that sheds light on the distinctions between India and Pakistan. Well-researched and articulated.
The partition and foundation of India and Pakistan is a subject that has always been contentious. The emotional aspect of it all, as well as the present-day implications, could have been given more emphasis.